![]() ![]() In 1812, state legislators decided on the location of Columbus - which didn’t even exist until that point - not only because it was closer to the center of the state but because its proximity to the Scioto and Olentangy Rivers made it a good hub for transportation and shipping. The new state’s government had spent short periods in Chillicothe and Zanesville, but ultimately a more centrally located capital was desired. ![]() Yes, the capital of Ohio was, like Columbia, South Carolina (below), named after Christopher Columbus. The surname Bismarck is said to be a shortening of Biscofsmark, meaning “bishop’s boundary.” And although Otto himself didn’t invest in the railroad, he did send a nice thank-you note. In an attempt to attract German investors, Edwinton was renamed Bismarck on July 17, 1873, after Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck-Schönhausen, the Prussian statesman who was a key figure in the unification of Germany and who had become its first chancellor in 1871. Large State Capitals Phoenix, the largest capital city in the United States.The railroad at this time was having some funding difficulties in its transcontinental program. The aforementioned state of Vermont, for instance, is the second least populous state in the entire country. It is also true, however, that most of the small state capitals are located in states that have smaller populations themselves, relative to other US states. The smallest state capital is Montpelier, the capital of Vermont, which has just 7,855 residents. Pierre, South Dakota has a population of just 14,000 (est.), while Augusta, Maine, has just 18,500. Some state capitals barely qualify as cities. Yet, Albany is only the sixth largest city in the state. The capital of the state of New York is based in the city of Albany, and has been there since 1797. For example, it would be easy for people to assume that New York City is the capital of the state of New York because it is the state’s biggest city, not to mention the largest in the United States. More often than not, the state capital is not the state’s largest city. The principle office of the state supreme court is still based in Portland, which was Maine’s capital until 1832. Even today, Maine’s government is not entirely based in the state capital, Augusta. Augustine, and the other in Pensacola, because at the time, the future US state was divided into two separate regions. When it was under Spanish rule, Florida also had two capitals, one in St. ![]() Delaware, for example, had two co-capitals, Hartford and New Haven, from 1701 to 1875, after which the former was made the sole capital. There are also instances in US history where a state had two capitals. Finally, the capital was moved back to Sacramento on February 25, 1854, where it has remained since. They stayed there for a year, then went back to Vallejo, where they stayed for a month before moving to Benicia in February 1853. Just a few days later, they moved to Sacramento. In January 1852, legislators moved again, this time to Vallejo. Just a month later, legislators moved to Pueblo de San Jose, where they stayed until May 1, 1851. In California, the designation of a capital took five years, beginning in 1849, when the first State Constitutional Convention was held at Colton Hill. For instance, Alabama had five different capitals until Montgomery became the capital in 1846. In many cases, US states had their capitals based in different cities before their present capitals were established. These residences are normally called governors’ mansions. Whereas the President of the United States resides in the White House, the executives of the state governments, normally called governors, have their own residences in their respective state capitals. Hence, just as the US federal government keeps the main organs of its executive, legislative, and judicial branches in Washington DC, so too does each state keep its own executive, legislative, and judicial branches in its capital. State capitals exist for the same reason that national capitals exist. ![]()
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